What is the risk of HIV seroconversion after a mucous membrane exposure to HIV-infected blood (as opposed to a sharps injury)?
Infection control in the ADC exam tests decision-making around exposure incidents, instrument classification, and decontamination protocols. This exam-level vignette tests your ability to work through clinical details and arrive at the correct management.
Dr Mehta's dental assistant sustains a needlestick injury from a needle used on Mrs Garcia (58F), who is known to be hepatitis B positive (HBsAg positive, HBe-antigen positive). The assistant is unsure of her own HBV vaccination status. The practice must manage both the injured worker and the source patient appropriately. What is the risk of HIV seroconversion after a mucous membrane exposure to HIV-infected blood (as opposed to a sharps injury)?
- A. 0.3%
- B. 0.09%
- C. 3%
- D. 0.003%
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Show the answer and cited explanation
After a sharps injury with HIV-infected blood: 0.3% risk of seroconversion. After a mucous membrane exposure to HIV-infected blood: 0.09%. The mucous membrane exposure risk is lower than the percutaneous (sharps) risk. Only a very small proportion of occupational exposures to HIV result in transmission. (ICG p.84)
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