What is the recommended endodontic approach?
OMS questions focus on surgical decision-making with medical comorbidities that change the surgical plan. This exam-level vignette tests your ability to work through clinical details and arrive at the correct management.
A 17-year-old boy was punched during an altercation. Tooth 11 is displaced palatally. The tooth is immobile — it does not move when pressure is applied. Percussion produces a high metallic (ankylotic) sound. The tooth does not respond to cold testing. A periapical radiograph taken with a horizontal angle shift shows a widened periodontal ligament space. At approximately 2 weeks post-injury, the tooth (which has complete root formation) still does not respond to cold testing. What is the recommended endodontic approach?
- A. Start root canal treatment using a corticosteroid-antibiotic or calcium hydroxide as an intra-canal medicament
- B. Continue monitoring — false negative sensibility is common for several months
- C. Perform a pulpotomy to preserve whatever vital tissue remains — as this timing aligns with the optimal window for treatment effectiveness
- D. Extract the tooth — necrosis in lateral luxation is inevitable and treatment is futile
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For teeth with COMPLETE root formation and lateral luxation, the pulp will likely become necrotic. Root canal treatment should be started at about 2 weeks, using a corticosteroid-antibiotic or calcium hydroxide as an intra-canal medicament. The purpose is to prevent the development of inflammatory (infection-related) external resorption. This is where root development stage changes the decision dramatically: • Immature teeth (open apex): spontaneous revascularisation may occur — monitor and only start RCT if signs of necrosis/resorption develop • Mature teeth (closed apex): pulp will likely die — proactive RCT at ~2 weeks to prevent resorption The narrow apical foramen in mature teeth limits blood vessel regrowth, making revascularisation unlikely. SOURCE — IADT Guidelines 2020, Fractures and Luxations, Table 12
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